The European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) is a credit system that
is student-centered and based on the workload of the student. This value expresses
all the work that a student must do to be able to complete courses successfully
and to attain the predetermined learning outputs (theoretical lessons, practical
lessons, seminars, individual study, exams, assignments, etc). Every course offered
at Marmara University has both local and ECTS credits. The local credit of a lesson
is formed by taking the total hours spent by the student in theoretical lessons
every week, and half the hours spent in the laboratory, practical lessons, or in
the studio. This system, created from the start for credit transfer, is used as
a credit accumulation system institutionally, regionally, nationally and on the
European level. Subsequent to the determination of the learning output for each
lesson, the workload for the student to be successful and to attain the learning
output is calculated. In calculating and distributing the ECTS credits, the workload
required for the student to be successful is projected by the instructors. The workload
of the student is measured at the end of every semester with a questionnaire.
For a student to complete a semester at Marmara University (a semester consists
of 17 weeks, including exam weeks), the students must successfully complete at least
30 ECTS. 30 ECTS is equal to a workload of between 750-900 hours covering all activities
that are carried out in the semester (lesson hours, assignments, projects, midterms,
finals, etc). The calculation of the General Academic Grade Average (GANO) is carried
out according to the student’s local credits and grades. However, both local credits
and grades, as well as the ECTS credits and grades, will be shown on the transcripts.